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首页> 外文OA文献 >Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)
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Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)

机译：过度训练综合征的预防，诊断和治疗：欧洲运动科学学院（ECSS）和美国运动医学学院（ACSM）的共同共识声明

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Successful training must involve overload, but also must avoid the combination of excessive overload plus inadequate recovery. Athletes can experience short-term performance decrement, without severe psychological, or lasting other negative symptoms. This Functional Overreaching (FOR) will eventually lead to an improvement in performance after recovery. When athletes do not sufficiently respect the balance between training and recovery, Non-Functional Overreaching (NFOR) can occur. The distinction between NFOR and the Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is very difficult and will depend on the clinical outcome and exclusion diagnosis. The athlete will often show the same clinical, hormonal and other signs and symptoms. A keyword in the recognition of OTS might be prolonged maladaptation not only of the athlete, but also of several biological, neurochemical, and hormonal regulation mechanisms. It is generally thought that symptoms of OTS, such as fatigue, performance decline and mood disturbances, are more severe than those of NFOR. However, there is no scientific evidence to either confirmor refute this suggestion. One approach to understanding the aetiology of OTS involves the exclusion of organic diseases or infections and factors such as dietary caloric restriction (negative energy balance) and insufficient carbohydrate and/or protein intake, iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, allergies, etc., together with identification of initiating events or triggers. In this paper, we provide the recent status of possible markers for the detection of OTS. Currently several markers (hormones, performance tests, psychological tests, biochemical and immune markers) are used, but none of them meets all criteria to make its use generally accepted.
机译：成功的训练必须涉及超负荷，但也必须避免过度的负荷加上恢复不足。运动员的短期表现会下降，没有严重的心理或其他负面症状。此功能扩展（FOR）将最终导致恢复后性能的提高。如果运动员没有充分尊重训练与恢复之间的平衡，则会发生非功能性超越（NFOR）。 NFOR与过度训练综合症（OTS）之间的区别非常困难，并将取决于临床结果和排除诊断。运动员经常会表现出相同的临床，激素和其他体征和症状。承认OTS的一个关键词可能不仅是运动员的长期适应不良，还可能是几种生物学，神经化学和激素调控机制的不良适应。通常认为，OTS的症状，例如疲劳，性能下降和情绪障碍，比NFOR更为严重。但是，没有科学证据证实或反驳这一建议。了解OTS病因的一种方法涉及排除器质性疾病或感染以及诸如饮食热量限制（负能量平衡），碳水化合物和/或蛋白质摄入不足，铁缺乏症，镁缺乏症，过敏等因素，以及标识启动事件或触发器。在本文中，我们提供了用于OTS检测的可能标记物的最新状态。当前使用了几种标记（激素，性能测试，心理测试，生化和免疫标记），但是它们都不符合所有标准以使其被普遍接受。

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